{"id":15603,"date":"2022-07-20T08:47:09","date_gmt":"2022-07-20T06:47:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cmm.imgw.pl\/?p=15603"},"modified":"2022-07-20T08:47:12","modified_gmt":"2022-07-20T06:47:12","slug":"dzien-w-ktorym-peklo-niebo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cmm.imgw.pl\/?p=15603","title":{"rendered":"Dzie\u0144 w kt\u00f3rym p\u0119k\u0142o niebo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dzisiejszy dzie\u0144 w historii polskiej pogody mo\u017cna \u015bmia\u0142o okre\u015bli\u0107 jako dzie\u0144 polskich tr\u0105b powietrznych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20 lipca 1931 roku po godzinie 19:00 w okolicach Lublina wyst\u0105pi\u0142a najprawdopodobniej jedna z\u00a0najs\u0142ynniejszych i najsilniejszych tr\u0105b powietrznych w Polsce. Wg Gumi\u0144skiego (1933) na szlaku o\u00a0d\u0142ugo\u015bci oko\u0142o 20 km pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 wiatru waha\u0142a si\u0119 od 396 do 522 km\/h co oznacza\u0142oby tr\u0105b\u0119 powietrzn\u0105 o najwy\u017cszej sile F5 w skali Fujity-Pearsona i najwy\u017cszej sile T10 w skali TORRO. Analizuj\u0105c opisy i zdj\u0119cia z tego wydarzenia naukowcy twierdz\u0105, \u017ce takie pr\u0119dko\u015bci s\u0105 jednak wysoce niepewne i\u00a0bardziej prawdopodobne jest uznanie tr\u0105by powietrznej o sile F4 (334 – 417 km\/h). Niemniej jednak jest to przypadek wyj\u0105tkowy, gdy\u017c tr\u0105ba powietrzna przesz\u0142a prawie przez centrum Lublina niszcz\u0105c budynki o murach grubo\u015bci 50 cm, przewracaj\u0105c stoj\u0105ce na szynach kolejowych za\u0142adowane wagony kolejowe i wyginaj\u0105c konstrukcje \u017celazne. Drewniane budynki, tartaki i stodo\u0142y na przedmie\u015bciach Lublina zosta\u0142y zr\u00f3wnane z ziemi\u0105. Jedna osoba zmar\u0142a po podniesieniu i rzuceniu na przewody elektryczne. Trzy osoby zosta\u0142y uniesione w powietrze, a dwie inne zosta\u0142y zmia\u017cd\u017cone przez spadaj\u0105cy gruz. W wyniku przej\u015bcia tr\u0105by powietrznej zgin\u0119\u0142o 6 os\u00f3b a oko\u0142o 100 zosta\u0142o ci\u0119\u017cko rannych.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Krajobraz po przej\u015bciu tr\u0105by powietrznej w Lublinie. \u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: \u201e\u015awiatowid\u201d, 1 VIII 1931, nr 31, s. 6.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Tego samego dnia 2007 roku tu\u017c po godzinie 18:00 5,5 km na p\u00f3\u0142nocny wsch\u00f3d od granic Cz\u0119stochowy, tu\u017c przy cementowni Rudniki, po jej wschodniej stronie, powsta\u0142a tr\u0105ba powietrzna. D\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 toru tr\u0105by powietrznej wynios\u0142a oko\u0142o 14 km, szeroko\u015b\u0107 pasa dochodzi\u0142a do 500 m. W wyniku przeprowadzonej wizji lokalnej, analizie zdj\u0119\u0107 lotniczych i dokumentacji dostarczonej przez gminy stwierdzono, \u017ce \u015brednia pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 przemieszczania si\u0119 tr\u0105by wynios\u0142a oko\u0142o 45 km\/h. Na podstawie analizy rodzaju i\u00a0charakteru zniszcze\u0144 si\u0142\u0119 tr\u0105by powietrznej sklasyfikowano jako F1 i F2 w skali Fujity-Pearsona oraz T4 w 11-stopniowej skali TORRO. Pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 wiatru w wirze powietrza mog\u0142a wi\u0119c osi\u0105ga\u0107 180 – 216\u00a0km\/h. Tr\u0105ba powietrzna zrywa\u0142a dachy i kominy przenosz\u0105c je na odleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 ok. 100 – 150 m. Wyrywa\u0142a z korzeniami zdrowe drzewa, k\u0142ad\u0142a jak zapa\u0142ki betonowe s\u0142upy energetyczne, telefoniczne, niszczy\u0142a samochody. W miejscowo\u015bci Huby zniszczeniu uleg\u0142o praktycznie 100% budynk\u00f3w. Wed\u0142ug relacji \u015bwiadk\u00f3w \u017cywio\u0142 przesuwa\u0142 7-tonowe kombajny a przechodz\u0105c przez koryto rzeki Warty spowodowa\u0142 zassanie wody z rzeki. Tr\u0105ba powietrzna przechodz\u0105c przez miejscowo\u015bci Konin, Latos\u00f3wka, Adam\u00f3w, Huby i Skrzyd\u0142\u00f3w zniszczy\u0142a ca\u0142kowicie 78 budynk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najsilniejsze tr\u0105by powietrzne powstaj\u0105 w rotuj\u0105cych super-kom\u00f3rkach burzowych, a ich powstawaniu sprzyja bardzo wysoka temperatura punktu rosy oraz silny wzrost pr\u0119dko\u015bci wiatru z wysoko\u015bci\u0105 wraz z g\u00f3rnym pr\u0105dem strumieniowym.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R. Gumi\u0144ski, Tr\u0105ba powietrzna pod Lublinem w dniu 20 lipca 1931 r., \u201eWiadomo\u015bci Meteorologiczne i Hydrograficzne\u201d 1936, z. 7\u20139, s. 73\u201379.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beb\u0142ot G., Ho\u0142da I. , Rorbek K., 2008. Tr\u0105ba powietrzna w rejonie Cz\u0119stochowy 20 lipca 2007 r. [W:] Ekstrema pogodowe w Polsce. Monografie IMGW, s. 23 \u2013 40.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dzisiejszy dzie\u0144 w historii polskiej pogody mo\u017cna \u015bmia\u0142o okre\u015bli\u0107 jako dzie\u0144 polskich tr\u0105b powietrznych.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[]},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nDzie\u0144 w kt\u00f3rym p\u0119k\u0142o niebo - 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